Percentage Calculator
Calculate percentages in multiple modes: find X% of Y, percentage increase/decrease, what percent A is of B, and percentage difference between two values.
Result
25% of 200 = 50
Formula
Result = (Percentage / 100) × Number
Step-by-Step
- 1Find 25% of 200
- 2Convert percentage to decimal: 25 / 100 = 0.25
- 3Multiply by the number: 0.25 × 200 = 50
- 4Answer: 25% of 200 is 50
How the Percentage Calculator Works
This calculator handles all common percentage operations. Each mode uses a different formula to give you the exact answer whether you're calculating discounts, tips, grades, or financial growth.
Core Percentage Formulas
X% of Y = Y × (X ÷ 100)
What % is A of B = (A ÷ B) × 100
% Increase = ((New − Old) ÷ Old) × 100
% Decrease = ((Old − New) ÷ Old) × 100
% Difference = |A − B| ÷ ((A + B) ÷ 2) × 100
Quick Examples
- 15% of 240 = 240 × 0.15 = 36
- 45 is what % of 180? = (45 ÷ 180) × 100 = 25%
- From 80 to 100 = ((100−80) ÷ 80) × 100 = 25% increase
- From 100 to 80 = ((100−80) ÷ 100) × 100 = 20% decrease
Common Uses for Percentage Calculations
- Shopping discounts and sale prices
- Tips at restaurants (15%, 18%, 20%)
- Grade calculations and test scores
- Investment returns and profit margins
- Tax calculations and salary increases
- Data analysis and statistics
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I calculate what percentage one number is of another?
Use the formula: Percentage = (Part ÷ Whole) × 100. For example, 35 out of 200 = (35 ÷ 200) × 100 = 17.5%. This tells you that 35 is 17.5% of 200.
How do I calculate percentage increase or decrease?
Percentage change = ((New Value − Old Value) ÷ Old Value) × 100. If a stock goes from $50 to $65: ((65−50) ÷ 50) × 100 = 30% increase. If it drops to $40: ((40−50) ÷ 50) × 100 = −20% decrease.
How do I reverse a percentage (find the original number)?
If you know the result after a percentage was applied, divide by (1 + rate) for increases or (1 − rate) for decreases. Example: A $72 item after 20% discount — original = $72 ÷ 0.80 = $90. After 15% tax added to get $115 — original = $115 ÷ 1.15 = $100.
What is percentage difference vs percentage change?
Percentage difference compares two values symmetrically: |A−B| ÷ ((A+B)/2) × 100. Percentage change compares to a reference value: (New−Old) ÷ Old × 100. Use difference when neither value is the "original" (comparing two cities); use change when tracking from a baseline (price over time).
How do I calculate X% of a number?
Multiply the number by the percentage and divide by 100. Example: 15% of 240 = 240 × 15 ÷ 100 = 36. Shortcut: move the decimal two places left (15% = 0.15), then multiply: 240 × 0.15 = 36.
How do percentages work with discounts and taxes?
For discounts: Final Price = Original × (1 − discount%). A $80 item at 25% off = $80 × 0.75 = $60. For tax: Final = Price × (1 + tax%). A $60 item with 8% tax = $60 × 1.08 = $64.80. Note: a 25% discount followed by 25% markup does NOT return to the original price.
Can I calculate percentage of a percentage?
Yes, multiply the percentages as decimals. 20% of 50% = 0.20 × 0.50 = 0.10 = 10%. This is useful for compound discounts: a 30% off sale with an additional 20% off the sale price = 0.70 × 0.80 = 0.56, meaning you pay 56% (total 44% off, not 50%).